Convallaria majalis, commonly known as Lily of the Valley, is a low-growing perennial valued for its fragrant spring flowers and spreading groundcover habit. This shade-loving plant typically grows 6 to 10 inches tall and spreads readily by underground rhizomes, forming dense colonies over time.

In mid to late spring, arching stems produce rows of small, bell-shaped white flowers with a strong, sweet fragrance. The glossy green, lance-shaped leaves provide a lush groundcover appearance through the growing season. Its ability to fill space quickly makes it effective for areas where a dense groundcover is desired.

Lily of the Valley grows best in part shade to full shade and prefers moist, well-drained soils. It is very hardy and tolerant of a range of conditions, though its vigorous spreading habit means it should be planted thoughtfully and monitored in garden settings.

Why choose Lily of the Valley

Fragrant blooms: Sweet-scented spring flowers
Shade tolerance: Performs well in low-light areas
Dense groundcover: Quickly fills shaded spaces

Cultivating tips

Sun exposure: Part shade to full shade
Soil needs: Prefers moist, well-drained soils
Maintenance: Moderate—spread should be managed

Designs for your garden

Shade gardens: Provides early-season interest
Groundcover plantings: Creates dense coverage
Woodland-style gardens: Suits shaded, informal areas

Ecological benefits

Groundcover function: Covers soil and suppresses weeds
Early seasonal interest: Blooms in spring
Low-input once established: Requires minimal care

Looking for Native Alternatives?

Polygonatum biflorum – Solomon’s Seal: Solomon’s Seal is a native perennial with arching stems and dangling white flowers that bloom in spring. It provides a similar woodland aesthetic with better ecological compatibility.

Maianthemum racemosum – False Solomon’s Seal: False Solomon’s Seal is a native shade perennial with soft white spring flowers and a clump-forming habit. It offers a refined woodland look without aggressive spreading.

Tiarella cordifolia – Foamflower: Foamflower is a native groundcover with spring-blooming white flower spikes and attractive foliage. It performs well in shade and provides pollinator value.

Plant appearance may vary by season and growing conditions. All plants ship healthy with established root systems.